This paper, prepared for the Royal Commission on Social Policy, presents what was known about the impact of the DPB on issues like teenage fertility, parenting arrangements for the children of single women, and rates of family breakup. The report cautiously concludes that there are no grounds for thinking that the DPB has encouraged young, single women to become pregnant or that the DPB encourages partners to separate. However, it did find that young, single women tended to stay on the DPB longer than other applicants.